Chemical Elements Sorted by Element Name |
|
| | Symbol Element Name Category | Name Etymology Language of Origin Meaning | Atomic Number Atomic Mass Relative Abundance | Melting Point °C Boiling Point °C Density (g/cm³) | Discoverer(s) Year of Discovery |
1 | Ac Actinium d | Aktis Greek Meaning: ray, beam | 89 227. unknown | 1050. 3198. 10.07 | Debierne, Andre-Louis
1899 |
2 | Al Aluminium or Aluminum f | Alumen Latin Meaning: astringent, bitter salt | 13 26.98154 3.0 | 660.25 2519. 2.702 | Wöhler, Friedrich
1827 |
3 | Am Americium d | America English Name of country: America | 95 243. unknown | 994. 2607. 13.67 | Seaborg, Glenn T.
1944 |
4 | Sb Antimony or Stibium g | Anti monos; Stibium Greek; Latin, medieval Meaning: not alone; unknown | 51 121.76 10.0 | 630.9 1587. 6.684 | Biringuccio, Vannoccio
1540 |
5 | Ar Argon j | Argon Greek Meaning: inactive | 18 39.948 1.0 | -189.19 -185.85 .001784 | Strutt, John William
& Ramsay, William
1894 |
6 | As Arsenic g | Arsenicum Latin Meaning: yellow mineral | 33 74.9216 n.a. | 817. 614. 5.72 | Magnus, Albertus
1250 |
7 | At Astatine i | Astatos Greek Meaning: unstable | 85 210. unknown | 302. 337. 7. | Corson, Dale R.
& MacKenzie, Kenneth Ross
& Segrè, Emilo 1940 |
8 | Ba Barium b | Barys Latin, modern Meaning: heavy | 56 137.327 123 | 729. 1897. 3.59 | Davy, Humphry
1808 |
9 | Bk Berkelium d | Berkeley English Name of university: Berkeley | 97 247. unknown | 986. 710. 14.78 | Seaborg, Glenn
& others
1949 |
10 | Be Beryllium b | Beryl French, old Meaning: blue-green stone | 4 9.012182 14.0 | 1287. 2469. 1.848 | Vauquelin, Louis Nicolas
1798 |
11 | Bi Bismuth f | Wismuth German Meaning: white mass | 83 208.9804 80.0 | 271.52 1564. 9.75 | Geoffroy, Claude Fran
1753 |
12 | Bh Bohrium e | Bohr, Niels Danish Name of person: Bohr | 107 264. unknown | ? ? 37. | Armbruster, Peter
& Münzenberg, Gottfried
1981 |
13 | B Boron g | Baurach Latin, medieval Name of mineral: borax | 5 10.811 263 | 2300. 3927. 2.34 | Davy, Humphry
& Gay-Lussac, Joseph Louis
& Thénard, Louis Jacques 1808 |
14 | Br Bromine i | Bromos French Meaning: stench | 35 79.904 n.a. | -7.1 58.8 3.119 | Balard, Atonie Jerome
& Löwig, Carl Jacob
1826 |
15 | Cd Cadmium e | Cadmus Greek Name in mythology: Cadmus, Phoenician prince | 48 112.411 7.0 | 321.18 767. 8.65 | Stromeyer, Friedrich
1817 |
16 | Cs Caesium or Cesium a | Caesius Latin Color: blue gray | 55 132.9055 2.0 | 28.55 671. 1.873 | Bunsen, Robert
& Kirchoff, Gustav
1860 |
17 | Ca Calcium b | Calx Latin Meaning: lime | 20 40.078 unknown | 839. 1484. 1.55 | Davy, Humphry
1808 |
18 | Cf Californium d | California English Name of state and university: California | 98 251. unknown | 1652. 900. 15.1 | Thompson, Stanly G
& others
1950 |
19 | C Carbon h | Carbo Latin Meaning: coal, charcoal | 6 12.0107 35.5 | 3500. 4827. 2.26 | unknown
ancient |
20 | Ce Cerium c | Ceres Latin Name of asteroid: Ceres | 58 140.116 80.0 | 798. 3443. 6.77 | Berzelius, Jakob
& Hisinger, Wilhelm
& Klaproth, Martin Heirich 1803 |
21 | Cl Chlorine i | Chloros Greek Color: green tint | 17 35.453 320 | -100.84 -34.04 .003214 | Scheele, Carl Wilhelm
1774 |
22 | Cr Chromium e | Chrome French Color: colors | 24 51.9961 513,000 | 1857. 2671. 7.19 | Vauquelin, Louis Nicolas
1797 |
23 | Co Cobalt e | Kobold German Meaning: goblin | 27 58.9332 79,400 | 1495. 2927. 8.9 | Brandt, Georg
1735 |
24 | Cn Copernicium e | Copernicus, Nicolaus Polish Name of person: Copernicus | 112 285. n.a. | ? ? 13.5336 | Hofmann, Sigurd
& Ninov, Victor
& others 1996 |
25 | Cu Copper or Cuprum e | Cyprum Latin Name of island: Cyprus (Cyprus) | 29 63.546 11.0 | 1084.6 2562. 8.96 | unknown
ancient |
26 | Cm Curium d | Curie, Pierre and Marie French Name of persons: Marie and Pierre | 96 247. unknown | 1067. 3110. 13.5 | Seaborg, Glenn
& others
1944 |
27 | Ds Darmstadtium e | Darmstadt German Name of institution: Darmstadt | 110 271. unknown | ? ? 21.46 | Armbruster, Peter
& Gottfried Münzenberg
1994 |
28 | Db Dubnium e | Dubna Russian Name of institution: Dubna | 105 262. unknown | ? ? 39. | Joint Institute for Nuclear Researach
1967 |
29 | Dy Dysprosium c | Dysprositos Greek Meaning: hard to get at | 66 162.5 11.5 | 1407. 2567. 8.55 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul Emile
1886 |
30 | Es Einsteinium d | Einstein, Albert German Name of person: Einstein | 99 252. unknown | 860. 9999. 13.5 | Ghiorso, Albert
& others
1952 |
31 | Er Erbium c | Ytterby Swedish Name of location: Ytterby | 68 167.259 5.8 | 1522. 3230. 9.07 | Mosander, Carl Gustaf
1842 |
32 | Eu Europium c | Europa Greek Name of continent: Europe | 63 151.964 5.0 | 822. 1529. 5.24 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul Emile
& Demarçay, Eugène-Anatole
1890, 1901 |
33 | Fm Fermium d | Fermi, Enrico Italian Name of person: Fermi | 100 257. unknown | ? ? ? | Mosander, Carl Gustaf
& others
1952 |
34 | F Fluorine i | Fluor Latin Meaning: flowing | 9 18.9984 n.a. | -219.52 -188.12 .001696 | Moissan, Henri
1866 |
35 | Fr Francium a | France French Name of country: France | 87 223. unknown | 27. 677. 1.87 | Perey, Marguerite
1939 |
36 | Gd Gadolinium c | Gadolin, John Nordic Name of person: Gadolin | 64 157.25 13.2 | 1312. 3273. 7.895 | Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard de
1880 |
37 | Ga Gallium f | Gallia Latin Name of location: Gaul | 31 69.723 631 | 29.76 2204. 5.907 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul Emile
1875 |
38 | Ge Germanium g | Germania Latin Name of country: Germany | 32 72.64 3.0 | 938.3 2833. 5.323 | Winkler, Clemens
1886 |
39 | Au Gold or Arum e | Ghel; Aurum Anglo-Saxon; Latin Meaning: yellow; shining dawn | 79 196.9666 5.6 | 1064.58 2856. 19.32 | unknown
ancient |
40 | Hf Hafnium e | Hafnia Latin Name of location: Copenhagen | 72 178.49 6.0 | 2227. 4603. 13.31 | Coster, Dirk
& von Hevesy, Georg
1923 |
41 | Hs Hassium e | Hesse, Germany Greek Name of location: Hesse | 108 277. unknown | ? ? 41. | Armbruster, Peter
& Münzenber, Gottfried
1984 |
42 | He Helium j | helios Greek Meaning: sun | 2 4.002602 630,000,000,000 | -272. -268.93 .000179 | Janssen, Pierre
& Lockyer, Norman
1868, 1895 |
43 | Ho Holmium c | Holmia Latin Name of location: Stockholm | 67 164.93 n.a. | 1470. 2720. 8.8 | Delafontaine, Marc
1878 |
44 | H Hydrogen h | Hydrogenes Greek Meaning: water forming | 1 1.00794 1,000,000,000,000 | -258.975 -252.87 .0000899 | Cavendish, Henry
1766 |
45 | In Indium f | Indigo blue Greek Meaning: blue dye | 49 114.818 45.0 | 156.76 2072. 7.31 | Riech, Ferdinand
& Richter, Hieronymous Theodor
1863 |
46 | I Iodine i | Iode French Color: violet | 53 126.904 n.a. | 113.5 184.3 4.93 | Courtois, Bernard
1811 |
47 | Ir Iridium e | Iris Latin Color: rainbow | 77 192.217 7.1 | 2443. 4428. 22.4 | Tennant, Smithson
1803 |
48 | Fe Iron or Ferrum e | Iren; Ferrum Anglo-Saxon; Latin Meaning: holy metal; iron | 26 55.845 32.0 | 1535. 2861. 7.874 | unknown
ancient |
49 | Kr Krypton j | Kryptos Greek Meaning: hidden | 36 83.798 n.a. | -157.22 -153.22 .003733 | Ramsay, William
& Travers, Morris
1898 |
50 | La Lanthanum c | Lanthanien Greek Meaning: lie hidden | 57 138.9055 13.5 | 920. 3464. 6.15 | Mosander, Carl Gustav
1839 |
51 | Lr Lawrencium d | Lawrence, Ernest O. American Name of person: Lawrence | 103 262. unknown | ? ? 103. | Ghiorso, Albert
& others
1961 |
52 | Pb Lead or Plumbum f | Lead; Plumbum Anglo-Saxon; Latin Meaning: lead; flowing | 82 207.2 85.1 | 327.6 1749. 11.35 | unknown
ancient |
53 | Li Lithium a | Llithos Greek Meaning: stone | 3 6.941 10.0 | 180.7 1342. .534 | Arfvedson, Johan August
1817 |
54 | Lu Lutetium c | Lutetia Latin Name of location: Paris | 71 174.967 5.8 | 1663. 3402. 9.84 | Urbain, Georges
& Welsbach, Carl Auer Freiherr von
1907 |
55 | Mg Magnesium b | Magnesia, Greek Name of location: Magnesia | 12 24.305 40.0 | 650. 1090. 1.738 | Davy, Humphry
1775, 1808 |
56 | Mn Manganese e | Magnes Latin Meaning: magnet | 25 54.93805 263 | 1246. 2061. 7.43 | Gahn, Johan Gottlieb
1774 |
57 | Mt Meitnerium e | Meitner, Lise Austrian Name of person: Meitner | 109 268. unknown | ? ? 109. | Armbruster, Peter
& Münzenber, Gottfried
1982 |
58 | Md Mendelevium d | Mendeleyev, Dmitri Russian Name of person: Mendeleyev | 101 258. unknown | ? ? 9999. | Ghiorso, Albert
& others
1955 |
59 | Hg Mercury or Hydrargyrum e | Mercuius; Hydrargyrum Latin; Latin Name of planet: Mercury (water silver) | 80 200.59 125 | -38.72 357. 13.546 | unknown
ancient |
60 | Mo Molybdenum e | Molybdos Greek Meaning: lead-like | 42 95.94 145 | 2617. 4639. 10.22 | Scheele, Carl Wilhelm
1778 |
61 | Nd Neodymium c | Neos didymo Greek Meaning: new twin | 60 144.242 17.0 | 1016. 3074. 7.01 | Weisbach, Carl Auer von
1885 |
62 | Ne Neon j | Neos Greek Meaning: new | 10 20.1797 37.0 | -248.447 -246.08 .0009 | Ramsay, William
& Travers, Morris W.
1898 |
63 | Np Neptunium d | Neptune Latin Name of planet, Neptune | 93 237. unknown | 640. 4000. 20.2 | McMillan, Edwin
& Abelson, Philip H.
1940 |
64 | Ni Nickel e | Kupfernickel German Color: copper colored | 28 58.6934 1.0 | 1453. 2913. 8.9 | Cronstedt, Axel Fredrik
1751 |
65 | Nb Niobium e | Niobe Greek Meaning: snowy | 41 92.906 79.0 | 2468. 4744. 8.57 | Hatchett, Charles
1801 |
66 | N Nitrogen h | Nitrogene French Meaning: nitre-forming | 7 14.0067 87,000,000 | -209.86 -195.79 .001251 | Rutherford, Daniel
1772 |
67 | No Nobelium d | Nobel, Alfred Swedish Name of person: Nobel | 102 259. unknown | ? ? ? | Ghiorso, Albert
& Seaborg, Glenn T.
& others 1958 |
68 | Os Osmium e | Osme Greek Meaning: smell | 76 190.23 5.0 | 3027. 5012. 22.6 | Tennant, Smithson
& Wollaston, William Hyde
1803 |
69 | O Oxygen h | Oxys Greek Meaning: acid forming | 8 15.9994 690,000,000 | -222.65 -182.95 .001429 | Priestley, Joseph
& Scheele, Carl Wilhelm
1774 |
70 | Pd Palladium e | Pallas Greek Name of asteroid: Pallas | 46 106.42 32.0 | 1552. 2963. 12.02 | Wollaston, Wiliam Hyde
1803 |
71 | Ph Phantomium q | Phantasma Greek Meaning: illusive | 56i 3.141593 n.a. | 212. 32. 0. | Martin, William
2018 |
72 | P Phosphorus h | Phosphoros Greek Meaning: light emmitter | 15 30.97376 316 | 44.1 280. 1.82 | Brand, Hennig
1669 |
73 | Pt Platinum e | Platina Spanish Meaning: little silver | 78 195.084 56.2 | 1772. 3827. 21.45 | Ulloa, Antonio de
1735 |
74 | Pu Plutonium d | Pluto Latin Name of planet, Pluto | 94 244. unknown | 640. 3228. 19.84 | Seaborg, Glenn T.
& McMillan, Edwin
1940 |
75 | Po Polonium g | Poland Latin Name of country: Poland | 84 210. unknown | 254. 962. 9.3 | Curie, Marie
1898 |
76 | K Potassium or Kalium a | Potaschen; Kalium Dutch; Latin Meaning: potash; potash | 19 39.0983 145 | 63.35 759. .862 | Davy, Humphry
1807 |
77 | Pr Praseodymium c | Prasios Greek Meaning: green twin | 59 140.9077 4.6 | 931. 3520. 6.77 | Weisbach, Carl Auer von
1885 |
78 | Pm Promethium c | Prometheus Greek Name in mythology: god Prometheus | 61 145. unknown | 931. 3000. 7.3 | Marinsky, Jacob A.
& Glendenin, Lawrence E.
& Coryell, Charles D. 1945 |
79 | Pa Protactinium d | Protos and actinium Greek Meaning: first ray | 91 231.0359 unknown | 1600. 4027. 15.4 | Fajans, Fajans
& others
1913, 1917 |
80 | Ra Radium b | Radius Latin Meaning: ray | 88 226. unknown | 700. 1737. 5.5 | Curie, Marie
& Curie, Pierre
1898 |
81 | Rn Radon j | Radium emanation English Meaning: ray emitting | 86 220. unknown | -71. -61.7 .00973 | Dorn, Friedrich Ernst
1900 |
82 | Re Rhenium e | Rhenus Latin Name of river, Rhine | 75 186.207 2.0 | 3180. 5596. 21.04 | Noddack, Walter
& Tacke, Ida
& Berg, Otto 1925 |
83 | Rh Rhodium e | Rhodon Greek Color: rose-colored | 45 102.905 25.0 | 1966. 3695. 12.41 | Wollaston, William Hyde
1803-1804 |
84 | Rg Roentgenium e | Röentgen, Wilhelm Conrad German Name of person: Röentgen | 111 272. n.a. | ? ? 19.282 | Armbruster, Peter
& Münzenber, Gottfried
1994 |
85 | Rb Rubidium a | Rubidus Latin Color: deepest red | 37 85.4678 400 | 39.64 688. 1.63 | Bunsen, Robert
& Kirchoff, Gustav
1861 |
86 | Ru Ruthenium e | Ruthenia Latin Name of country: Russia | 44 101.07 68.0 | 2250. 4150. 12.37 | Claus, Karl Ernst
1844 |
87 | Rf Rutherfordium e | Rutherford, Ernest English Name of person: Rutherford | 104 261. unknown | 2250. 4150. 18.1 | Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
1964 |
88 | Sm Samarium c | Samarskite Russian Name of mineral: Samarskite | 62 150.36 5.2 | 1072. 1794. 7.52 | Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul Emile
1879 |
89 | Sc Scandium e | Scandinavia Latin Name of countries: Scandinavia | 21 44.95591 1.0 | 1539. 2832. 2.99 | Nilson, Lars Fredrik
1878 |
90 | Sg Seaborgium e | Seaborg, Glenn T. American Name of person: Seaborg | 106 266. unknown | ? ? 35. | Berkeley Lab, USA
& Dubna Lab, Russia
1974 |
91 | Se Selenium h | Selene Greek Meaning: moon | 34 78.96 n.a. | 221. 685. 4.79 | Berzelius, Jöns Jacob
1817 |
92 | Si Silicon g | Silex Latin Meaning: flint | 14 28.0855 45.0 | 1410. 3265. 2.33 | Berzelius, Jöns Jacob
1824 |
93 | Ag Silver or Argentum e | Siolfur; argentum Anglo-Saxon; Latin Meaning: silver; shining | 47 107.8682 7.0 | 961. 2162. 10.5 | unknown
ancient |
94 | Na Sodium or Natrium a | Soda; natrium English; Latin Meaning: soda; salt-like | 11 22.98977 1.0 | 98. 883. .971 | Davy, Humphry
1807 |
95 | Sr Strontium b | Strontian Gaelic Name of location: Strontian | 38 87.62 790 | 769. 1382. 2.54 | Davy, Humphry
1808 |
96 | S Sulfur h | Sulfur Latin Color: yellow | 16 32.065 16.0 | 115.36 444.6 2.07 | unknown
ancient |
97 | Ta Tantalum e | Tantalus Greek Name in mythology: King Tantalus | 73 180.9479 n.a. | 2996. 5458. 16.65 | Ekeberg, Anders
1802 |
98 | Tc Technetium e | Technetos Greek Meaning: artificial | 43 98. unknown | 2200. 4837. 11.5 | Perrier, Carlo
& Segrè, Emilio
1937 |
99 | Te Tellurium g | Tellus Latin Meaning: earth | 52 127.6 n.a. | 449.65 988. 6.24 | von Reichenstein, Franz-Joseph Müller
1782 |
100 | Tb Terbium c | Ytterby Swedish Name of location: Ytterby | 65 158.9254 n.a. | 1357. 3230. 8.23 | Mosander, Carl Gustaf
1843 |
101 | Tl Thallium f | Thallos Greek Meaning: green twig | 81 204.3833 8.0 | 304. 1473. 11.85 | Crookes, William
1861 |
102 | Th Thorium d | Thor Old Norse Name in mythology: god Thor | 90 232.0381 unknown | 1755. 4788. 11.724 | Berzelius, Jöns Jacob
1828 |
103 | Tm Thulium c | Thule Greek Name of country: ancient Scandinavia | 69 168.9342 1.8 | 1545. 1950. 9.32 | Cleve, Per Teodor
1879 |
104 | Sn Tin or Stannum f | Stannum Latin Meaning: tin | 50 118.71 100 | 232.06 2602. 7.31 | unknown
ancient |
105 | Ti Titanium e | Titan Greek Name in mythology: Titans | 22 47.867 112 | 1660. 3287. 4.54 | Gregor, William
1791 |
106 | W Tungsten or Wolfram e | Tung sten; wolfram Swedish; German Meaning: heavy stone; Name: mineral, wolframite | 74 183.84 unknown | 3422. 5555. 19.35 | Elhuyar, Juan José
& Elhuyar, Fausto de
1783 |
107 | U Uranium d | Uranus Latin Name of planet: Uranus | 92 238.0289 10.0 | 1132. 4131. 18.95 | Klaproth, Martin Heinrich
& Péligot, Eugè ne-Melchior
1841 |
108 | V Vanadium e | Vanadis Old Norse Name in mythology: goddess Vanadis | 23 50.9415 50.0 | 1902. 3407. 6.11 | del Rio, Andrés Manuel
1801 |
109 | Xe Xenon j | Xenos Greek Meaning: stranger | 54 131.293 n.a. | -117.7 -108.12 .005887 | Ramsay, William
& Travers, Morris
1898 |
110 | Yb Ytterbium c | Ytterby Swedish Name of compound: Ytterebia | 70 173.04 8.0 | 824. 1196. 6.9 | Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard de
1878 |
111 | Y Yttrium e | Ytterby Swedish Name of compound: Yttria | 39 88.90585 125 | 1526. 3336. 4.47 | Gadolin, Johan
1794 |
112 | Zn Zinc e | Zink German Meaning: cornet | 30 65.409 28.0 | 419.73 907. 7.13 | unknown
ancient |
113 | Zr Zirconium e | Zircon German Color: gold colored | 40 91.224 560 | 1852. 4409. 6.51 | Klaproth, Martin Heinrich
& Berzelius, Jöns Jacob
1789, 1824 |
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